Das Pferd, seine Behandlung in der Gesundheit und in der Krankheit mit einer vollständigen Anleitung zur Zucht, Training und Management.se. Zu einer sehr schlanken Rudiment reduziert. In diesem Tier die ulna (Abb. 669) ist gut entwickelt, aber die Fibel hat ganz rudimentär geworden; die Formen der molaren Zähne haben nicht sehr considerablechange. In der Miohippus, der Zeitgenosse der Anchitherium Europas, die Extremitäten bleiben fast wie in der mesohippus. Die ulna hat der unteren Teil stark reduziert; die andere Extremität - Knochen bleiben fast Thesame. Im Miozän gehört auch die Merychippus, gefunden throughouta l

• Bildanbieter: The Reading Room / Alamy Stock Foto
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The horse, its treatment in health and disease with a complete guide to breeding, training and management . se. being reduced to a very slender rudiment. In this animal the ulna(fig. 669) is well developed, but the fibula has become quite rudimentary;the forms of the molar teeth have not undergone very considerablechange. In the Miohippus, the contemporary of the Anchitherium of Europe, the extremities remain nearly as in the Mesohippus. The ulna has thelower part greatly reduced; the other limb-bones remain nearly thesame. To the Miocene period also belongs the Merychippus, found throughouta large portion of North America, which is remarkable in that in the youngcondition it has the short-crowned, uncemented teeth of its ancestors, while the adult animal has the long-crowned and cemented teeth of itssuccessors. Proceeding upwards to the Protohippus and its near relative theEuropean Hipparion from the Lower Pliocene, it appears that the changeschiefiy relate to the ulna, which in these animals has decreased consider-ably in length, only reaching to the middle of the radius. The two PLATE LXXI. COMPARISON OF THE FORE AND HIND FEET OF THE HORSEWITH THOSE OF SOME OF ITS ANCESTORS r. Phenaccdus. 2. Protoroliippus. 3. Mesohippus. 4. Miohippus and Anchitheiium. 5. Piotohippus. 6. Hipp.iri.7. Horse. (All these figures are drawn to one scale.) FOSSIL ANCESTORS OF THE HORSE 513 extra toes in the fore- and hind-feet still remain, but they are evidentlyshrinking in size. The changes in the molar teeth are also very con-siderable. As will be seen on reference to fig. 668, the teeth are passingfrom the brachydont or short-crowned to the hypsodont or high-crownedvariety, a change which goes on progressively in correspondence with thevanishing of the extra digits. In the upper molars of the Hipparionthere is a distinctive feature which is at once recognized by the anatomist, in the presence of an interior column of dentine com^sletely isolated fromthe rest of the mass, as shown in th

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• bookcentury1900
• bookdecade1900
• booksubjecthorses
• bookyear1906