. Amerikanischer Ingenieur und Eisenbahnjournal. Auflistung momentan gegenzusteuern, während schließlich gibt es weniger Haftung 446 DER AMERIKANISCHE INGENIEUR [September, 1893. Dass Flügel bo bei der Ausstieg als schraubenlose beschädigt werden. Abb. 76 zeigt die letzte (188!)) Der von INL beschriebenen iiuliu-gumberdriven Makliinos. Hnrgrave, Er nennt es die 4H-Bandschraube. Tlie Schraube ist am Heck, und themachine wiegt genau i lbs. Seine Stützfläche ist 14.51sij. Ft. (7.30 Quadratfuß ]ier Pfund), und es ilew H) lineale Füßemit der Ausgabe von IIK! Fuß-Pfund Energie, während die vorhergehenden niacliino, Wiegen

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. American engineer and railroad journal . listing momentto be counteracted, while, finally, there is less liability 446 THE AMERICAN ENGINEER [September, 1893. that wings shall bo damaged in alighting than screwbliiiles. Fig. 76 shows tlic last one (188!)) of the iiuliu-rubberdriven macliinos described by INl. Hnrgrave, He calls it the 4H band-screw. Tlie screw is at the stern, and themachine weighs exactly i lbs. Its sustaining area is 14.51sij. ft. (7.30 sq. ft. ]ier pound), and it ilew H) lineal feetwith the expenditure of IIK! foot-pounds of energy, whilethe preceding niacliino, weighing 3.OH lbs., with Happingwings, had flown 37(1 ft. with 470 foot-pounds, tlius show-ing respectively 0.()1 and 0.57 lineal feet flown ])er foot-pounds of power. The framework of these machines was of pine, the largerpiece (main spine) Ijeing a hollow box-girder, to securestrength and lightness. The sustaining surfaces were ofpaper, pasted on, and after the gum was dry rendered astiglit as a drum by blowing a liglit spray of water over the. Fio. 76.-nARGRA.VE-1889. j>aper and allowing it to dry. Thus with small, light, sim-ple and inexpensive models many exiieriments were made, and great advance realized in the distance llown over anyprevious experiments of others. Having progressed thus far witli india-rubber as a motive])Ower, and gathered most valnal>le data and experience :as to the best arrangement and proportion of ))arts, theecjuipoise and the power required, M. Jluiyrave next under-took the construction of a flying machine actuated by com-pressed air, and, in 1890, he produced the machine illus-trated by fig. 77, which he calls his No. 10, 40.5 oz. com-pressed air, and which marked a very considerable advancein design by a great simplification of the propelling arrange-ment. In presenting it to the Royal Society, June 4, 1890, M.llargrave said : The princii)leeml)odied in this experiment is that of liorelli, l)ublished in KiSO, and it doubtless has liud many stanch ad

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• bookcentury1800
• bookdecade1890
• booksubjectrailroadengineering