. Natural History. Zoologie. Molche und Salamander. 451 und gelegentlich noch wesentlich mehr. Mit ihrem flachen, ovalen Kopf, Körper, warzige Haut, kurz, abkantungen-toed Gliedmaßen und hoch verdichtete, Schwanz, sein Aussehen ist keineswegs prepossessing, und wenn Lügen in einen Tank mit schleimigen grünen Wasser in tlie Reptil fast regungslos - Haus im Londoner Zoologische Gärten, zieht es die Aufmerksamkeit der Öffentlichkeit ist vermutlich aber gering. Dennoch ist es eine der interessantesten lebenden Tiere, und unsere Vorstellungen von zoologischen Affinitäten würde Bo viel weniger klar, als sie diese Salama hatte

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. Natural history. Zoology. NEWTS AND SALAMANDERS. 451 and occasionally considerably more. With its flat, oval head, depressed body, warty skin, short, splay-toed limbs, and highly compressed tail, its appearance is by no means prepossessing, and when lying almost motionless in a tank of slimy green water in tlie reptile-house in the London Zoological Gardens, the attention it attracts from the general public is probably but slight. Never- theless it is one of the most interesting of living animals, and our notions of zoological affinities would bo much less clear than they are had this salamander and its allies become extinct. Externally this salamander is distinguished by having four toes in front and three behind, and likewise by the absence of gill-openings on the sides of the neck. Internally it will be found that there are two arches for the support of the gills on each side. If the mouth be opened, it will be seen that its floor is completely covered by the closely adherent tongue, and also that the teeth on the palate form a series running parallel to those on the edge of the upper jaw, these teeth being situated on the vomers. These salamanders, which, as already said, are common to Japan and China, inhabit clear mountain streams, where they feed on such aquatic creatures as they are able to capture ; in captivity, at least, they are known to bo cannibals, but this depraved taste was pi-o- bably develojjed owing to lack of a sufficiency of other food. In autumn the female lays a number of small eggs ; but the early stages of development are unknown, although it is pro- bable that at first the young tadpoles are provided with ex- ternal gills. The much smaller Mississippi salamander, or hell-bender (Cryptohranchus lateralis), is dis- tinguished by the retention of a gill-opening on one or both sides of the neck, and the free front edge of the tongue, as well as by the presence of four pairs of arches for the support of the internal gills. Less than twenty in

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• bookauthorly
• bookcentury1800
• bookdecade1890
• booksubjectzoology