Howqua (Chinesisch: 伍秉鑒; Mandarin Pinyin: Wǔ Bǐngjiàn; † 4. September 1843) war der wichtigste der Hongkonger Händler in den Dreizehn Fabriken, Leiter des E-wo hong und Führer des Kanton Cohong (公行). Er war einst einer der reichsten Männer der Welt. Geboren in Fujian, China, war er dem Westen als Howqua (der zweite) bekannt. Sein Vater Wu Guorong war ebenfalls Howqua (der erste) und war Gründer des Familienunternehmens. Weil sein chinesischer Name für westliche Händler zu schwer auszusprechen war, stammt der Name Howqua von seinem chinesischen Firmennamen 浩官 (Mandarin Pinyin: Haoguan). Er wurde reich an

• Bildanbieter: CPA Media Pte Ltd / Alamy Stock Foto
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• Format: 3654 x 4597 px | 30,9 x 38,9 cm | 12,2 x 15,3 inches | 300dpi
• Aufnahmedatum: 18. Juli 2013
• Fotograf: Pictures From History

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Howqua (Chinese: 伍秉鑒; Mandarin Pinyin: Wǔ Bǐngjiàn; 1769 – 4 September 1843) was the most important of the Hong merchants in the Thirteen Factories, head of the E-wo hong and leader of the Canton Cohong (公行). He was once one of the richest men in the world. Born in Fujian, China, he was known to the West as Howqua (the second). His father, Wu Guorong was also Howqua (the first) and was founder of the family company. Because his Chinese name was too difficult for western traders to pronounce, the name Howqua comes from his Chinese Business Name 浩官 (Mandarin Pinyin: Haoguan). He became rich on the trade between China and the British Empire in the middle of the 19th century during the First Opium War. Perhaps the wealthiest man in China during the nineteenth century, Howqua was the senior of the Hong merchants in Canton, one of the few authorized to trade silk and porcelain with foreigners. According to historic records, there was a fire in 1822 and many of the cohongs were burned down. The melted silver allegedly formed a little stream almost two miles in length. Of the 3 million dollars of compensation that was required to pay the British from the Treaty of Nanking, he single-handedly contributed one million, one third of the total sum. He later died in Canton the same year. To this day, portraits of the pigtailed Howqua in his robes still hang in Salem and Newport mansions built by U.S. merchants grateful for his assistance.

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