Fibrous tissue between the ovary and fallopian tube, illustration. Endometriosis is a medical condition where cells similar to those of the uterus lining start to grow outside the uterus. The tissue growing in these areas does not shed during menstruation like healthy tissue within the uterus, leading to the build-up of abnormal tissue and its bleeding that can cause inflammation and painful cysts. As a result, scar tissue may form, sometimes as bands of fibrous tissue (adhesions, silver) between structures in the abdomen. Common symptoms of endometriosis are painful menstrual cramps and pain during intercourse. Although there is no cure for endometriosis, hormone therapy and pain management can be used to control symptoms. In some cases, laparoscopy (keyhole surgery) may be necessary for those with advanced endometriosis.
