Eine Geschichte der Vereinigten Staaten für katholische Schulen. 1781), Santa Barbara (1781) und viele andere, un-til eine ununterbrochene Kette von Missionen, mehr als zwanzig in Num- ber, San Diego mit San Francisco verbunden. Unter der Super-Vision der eifrigen Söhne des hl. Franziskus von Assisi, der rovingsavages wurden bald für die Kirche und für die Zivilisation, andwere gewann schließlich in geordnete, fleißigen umgewandelt und ex-pert Landwirte, Maurer, oder Weber. Die Catholicmissions nummeriert über dreißig tausend Inder, deren thriftand Wohlstand wurden von ihren Besitz von über vier JAMES POLK S AD bescheinigt

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A history of the United States for Catholic schools . 1781), Santa Barbara (1781), and many others, un-til an unbroken chain of missions, more than twenty in num-ber, linked San Diego with San Francisco. Under the super-vision of the zealous sons of St. Francis of Assissi, the rovingsavages were soon won for the Church and civilization, andwere ultimately transformed into orderly, industrious, and ex-pert farmers, masons, or weavers. At one time the Catholicmissions numbered about thirty thousand Indians, whose thriftand prosperity were attested by their possession of over four JAMES POLK S ADMINISTRATION :m thousand head of cattle, sixty-two tliousand horses, and morethan three hundred thousand sheep. Many of the missionarieshad been noted in Spain as men of culture, as soldiers, engi-neers, artists, lawyers, and physicians, before they wore thehumble garb of their Order, but they did not scorn to laborwith their charges in the fields, in brickyards, at the forge, orin the mills. By a decree of the Mexican (*ongress, the Indian missions. THE CHAPEL OF THE SAN GABRIEL MISSION were eventually made state property. The converts were thusscattered, and within five years, the number of Catholic In-dians was reduced from thirty thousand to four thousand, andwhen California became a territory of the United States onlya few remains of the once prosperous missions could be traced.The Jesuits early began (1697) the work of spreading thegospel among the native Indians of Lower California, andcontinued this work until the society was finally expelled fromthe Spanish domains (1767). 368 A- HISTORY OP THE UNITED STATES 468. The Nations Patroness. America, from the very dateof its discovery, was loyally devoted to the Mother of God, and in (1846) the Sixth Council of Baltimore, by its first act, solemnly chose Mary the Immaculate, as patroness of the Cath- Jolic Church in the United States, J CHAPTER XXVII THE TAYLOE-FILLMORE ADMINISTRATIONWHI<;—1840-1853 469. Taylor and Fillmo

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