. Die biologische Bulletin. Biologie; Zoologie; Biologie; Meeresbiologie. Physiologie und Biochemie Bezug: Bio/. Bull. 1 "W: 149-200. (20. Oktober (10) Identifizierung der proliferierenden Zellen im harten Muscheln Rhea Hanseliiiann'. Ro. anna Siuolowitz (Marine Biologische Laboratorium, Woods Hole, Massachusetts) und Daniel Gibson? Der Ursprung der hemocytes, die zirkulierenden "blutzellen" von Muscheln, einschließlich Venusmuscheln (Mercenaria mercenaria} nicht identifiziert wurde (1,2). Verbreitung von hemocytes. Jedoch können durch ihre höhere Zahlen in kranke Tiere anerkannt werden. Prolifera

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. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY Reference: Bio/. Bull. 1«W: 149-200. (October 20(10) Identification of Proliferating Cells in Hard Clams Rhea Hanseliiiann'. Ro.anna Siuolowitz (Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts), and Daniel Gibson? The origin of hemocytes, the circulating "blood cells" of bivalve molluscs, including hard clams (Mercenaria mercenaria} has not been identified (1, 2). Proliferation of hemocytes. however, can be recognized through their increased numbers in diseased animals. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), or cyclin, is a protein produced during the late Gl and S phases of the cell cycle (3. 4). Using antibodies that recognize PCNA in mice, we attempted to identify the origin of hemocytes in the hard shell clams. Quahog parasite unknown (QPX) is a protist that causes severe inflamma- tion and mortality in infected clams (5. 6). We attempted to induce hemocyte proliferation by exposing clams to QPX in a 10-1 water column in which 12 ml of undiluted QPX culture (at a concentra- tion of 7*106 cells/ml) were added every 10 days; by injecting QPX between the membranous mantles and the right valves, 3 cm ventral anterior to the siphon and into the pericardial cavities (0.25 ml of undiluted QPX culture): and by injecting an inert particle (India ink. 1:10 dilution in sterile seawater [7, 8]) into the peri- cardial cavities. The controls consisted of two groups of clams. One group was injected with sterile seawater in the pericardial cavities: the other was untreated. Groups were sampled at 24 h. Worcester Polytechnic Institute. Worcester. MA. and at 1.4. and 8 weeks after the start of the experiment. At sampling, the animals were shucked, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF) for 24 h. and embedded in paraffin. Sections were cut (4-6 /xm), mounted onto positively charged slides (Fisher- brand, Superfrost/Plus and ProbeOn Plus slides) and stained

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