. Die Anatomie und Physiologie des menschlichen Körpers. Enthält die Anatomie der Knochen, Muskeln und Gelenke; und das Herz und Arterien. ious Tiefen, so wie der Fisch muss stärker gegen einen Ruder Strom schwimmen. Somefishes, wie Forelle, Barsch, Lachs, Hering, haben mehr Opengills, aber sie wollen nicht diese Macht, die Luft mehr oder weniger stark gegen die Kiemen zu beeindrucken. Der Eel und die Plattfische, wie der Skate, haben ihre Kiemen mehr versteckt. Sie schlucken die Luft durch den Mund, und atmen sie durch Löcher in ihrer Seite. Die Muschelfische geben das merkwürdigste Beispiel (und nonemore singulär tha

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. The anatomy and physiology of the human body. Containing the anatomy of the bones, muscles, and joints; and the heart and arteries. ious depths, just as the fishmust swim more strongly against a ruder stream. Somefishes, as the Trout, Perch, Salmon, Herring, have more opengills, yet they do not want this power of impressing the airmore or less strongly against the gills. The Eel and the flatfishes, as the Skate, have their gills more concealed. Theyswallow the air by the mouth, and breathe it out by holes intheir side. The shell-fishes give the most curious example (and nonemore singular than the oyster) of very regular and beautifulgills; and therefore I have given two slight marginal drawings;the first of which shows the heart and lungs ; at (a) the heart, which may be seen beating about 40 in a minute ; at (^, ) thewhole of the gills as they lie out upon the side of the Oyster, and bear a very large proportion to its body. The canal ispartly opened, in which the water passes to the gills from themouth (d;)—and at (e, ) figure 2. is seen, separated from thebody, a long canal opened; before it was laid open, it was. OF RESPIRATION. 15 somewhat of a triangular figure within; it constitutes thebasis of all the circles of gills ; it contains the most beautifulranges of holes that can be seen in nature, by which, as isvery plain, the water is admitted to each feather of each gill.The fish swallows the water by its mouth, which is at (a, )figure 1.—drives it down into this great canal, and so outagain. It is by this, I am persuaded, that merely the soak-ing of a fishs gills in water would not do, for they might havelain abroad, as indeed they do, and soaked very securely ina shell-fish; but the water must be applied with a degree offorce proportioned to the condition of the lungs, or the needsof the system ; and every fish, whatever be the mechanism ofits respiration, has this power.

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• bookcentury1800
• bookdecad
• booksubjecthumananatomy
• buchjahr1822