. Bulletin. Die Landwirtschaft. 20 LANDWIRTSCHAFTLICHE UND botanischen Erkundungen IN PALÄSTINA. Stellen Sie sicher, dass dieser Unterschied ist wirklich einer der Sorte; die Überlegenheit ist wahrscheinlich auf die Erde. Die Dörfer von Et-Tireh, Ijzim, Ain Ghazal (Mutter von gazellen), in den Ausläufern des Mount Carmel, sind für dieses hervorragende Olivenöl bekannt. Alle Bäume berichtete von der Es wurden gefunden in reichen Land an, die aus vulkanischen Tuff und disin- tegrated Basalten aus dem alten Eruptionen des sekundären Epoche wachsen. Er-Rameh, im oberen Galiläa, 1.300 bis 2.000 Fuß in Höhe, hält den Rekord für die Produktivität und die Qualität der

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. Bulletin. Agriculture. 20 AGRICULTURAL AND BOTANICAL EXPLORATIONS IN PALESTINE. sure that this difference is really one of variety; the superiority is probably due to the soil. The villages of Et-Tireh, Ijzim, and Ain Ghazal (mother of gazelles), in the foothills of Mount Carmel, are renowned for this superior olive. All the trees reported from there were found to grow in rich land made up of volcanic tufa and disin- tegrated basalts from the old eruptions of the Secondary epoch. Er-Rameh, in upper Galilee, 1, 300 to 2, 000 feet in altitude, holds the record for the productivity and quality of its olives. There is here a fair degree of uniformity in the character of the fruit, and the best methods of cultivation in the country are here in use. A number of other varieties are found in the region of Damascus. The altitude here is 2, 000 to 2, 300 feet, and the winters are rather. Fig. 4.—Olive groves on rocky soil in the environs of Jerusalem, showing artificial terracing. severe. Some of these varieties are especially rich in oil; others par- ticularly well adapted for table use. The only one called "Damas- cus " olive remains green in color until ripe and is preserved simply by means of lye made of ashes. It is often as large as a pigeon's egg, larger than any of the Spanish " aceitunas Sevillanas " or " aceitunas de la Reina " that I have ever seen. As the winters are mild in the particular regions where I have car- ried on my work, I have studied the resistance of our forms and varieties in relation to heat and drought rather than to cold. But as there are varieties growing in parts of Palestine where the winters are severe I have no reason to doubt that there are forms among these which will grow well in those parts of California, Texas, etc., where winter temperatures are relatively low. In fact, our olives extend 180. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for read

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