. Britische Pflanzen, ihre Biologie und Ökologie. Botanik; Botanik; Ökologie der Pflanzen. Kletterpflanzen 119 tion ist von der Nebenblätter, die groß sind und das Blatt-hke genommen. (Ii.) Nebenblätter.-In (Smilax sarsaparille), ein Bergsteiger fre- gen in Gewächshäusern gesehen, die tendrUs sind im "Posi- tion des nebenblattes. Klettern Haken kann auch vorhanden sein. (Iii.) Leaf-Tips, - Im klettern Lily (Gloriosa superba), einer anderen ausländischen Gewächshaus - Pflanze, die Spitzen der Blätter sind in starke Kabel verlängert - wie tendrUs. (Iv.) Blattstiele.-^ Die Garten - kapuzinerkresse {Tropceolum majus) und Clematis haben empfindliche Blattstielen. O

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. British plants; their biology and ecology. Botany; Botany; Plant ecology. CLIMBING PLANTS 119 tion is taken over by the stipules, which are large and leaf-hke. (ii.) Stipules.—In Smilax (sarsaparilla), a climber fre- quently seen in greenhouses, the tendrUs are in the" posi- tion of stipules. Climbing hooks may also be present. (iii.) Leaf-Tips, —In the climbing lily (Gloriosa superba), another foreign greenhouse-plant, the tips of the leaves are prolonged into strong cord-like tendrUs. (iv.) Petioles.—^The garden - nasturtium {Tropceolum majus) and Clematis have sensitive leaf-stalks. On reach- ing a support, they curve round it, and then become tough and indurated, thus enclosing it firmly. 4. Root - Climbers. — These climb by adventitious roots, which arise in great number on the shaded side of the stem. They act as suckers, pinning the branches to the wall or to the tree up which the plant climbs—e.g., ivy (Hedera Helix). No suckers, however, occur on the flowering shoots, which turn away from the wall and grow outwards towards the light. In many plants the morphological nature of the tendrU is doubtful. In the vegetable-marrow {Cucurhita), cucumber (Cucumis), white bryony (Bryonia dioica), and other Cucurbitacese, the tendrils have been variously described as modified leaves, stipules, shoots, and even roots. It is possible, however, that in these cases the tendrils are not modified forms of other organs at all, but are organs, sui generis (Latin, of their own kind)—that is, organs which have arisen and have been developed for the purpose which they serve, never having been anything else but what they are. Chmbing plants begin their existence as deep-shade plants, the shade being produced by the vegetation upon which they chmb. In the Tropics most are inhabitants of forests ; in this country they are found in thickets and hedges. Here the partial light produces effects which are ordinarily associated with plants grown in darkness. Such plants

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• bookcentury1900
• bookdecade1920
• booksubjectbotany
• bookyear1920