. Amerikanische spinnen und ihre Spinnen. Eine natürliche Geschichte der orbweaving Spinnen der Vereinigten Staaten, insbesondere im Hinblick auf ihre Branche und Gewohnheiten. Spinnen. ANCESTRAL SPINNEN UND IHR HA-Bits. 451 von seinen allgemeinen Aspekt, wie in der Abbildung dargestellt, allein ich würde vermuten, dass es eine junge weibliche Nephila plumipes. Ich habe Exemplare einer Spezies gesammelt durch Herrn C. H. Townsend, am Swan Island, Karibik, die in Größe und Aussehen mehr ähnelt von Scudder Beschreibung der Pennatipes als die modernen Plumipes. Tlie femoral Bürste fehlt in diesen Proben, wie es i

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. American spiders and their spinning work. A natural history of the orbweaving spiders of the United States, with special regard to their industry and habits. Spiders. ANCESTRAL SPIDERS AND THEIR HA BITS. 451 from its general aspect, as displayed in the figure alone, I would suspect it to be a young female Nephila plumipes. I have specimens of a species collected by Mr. C. H. Townsend, at Swan Island, Caribbean Sea, which in size and general appearance more closely resembles Scudder's description of Pennatipes than the modern Plumipes. Tlie femoral brush is lacking in these specimens, as it is in Scudder's fossil (although there they may have simply been worn away), and the shape of the abdomen is also cylin- drical, as with Nephila pennatipes, instead of being quadrate as with our species. We have thus a living Orbweaver which, as far as it is possible to judge, differs little from this ancient aranead. On the presence of this fossil species alone I would assimilate tiie climate of the ancient Florissant Lake to _, , . , that of a region even Cnmate. ^ , , , lurtlier south than that assigned by Mr. Scudder. Scudder ^ describes a fossil Tetragnatha, T. tertiaria, which he thinks does not appear to have any special affinity with the American species with which he has been able to compare it, being stouter bodied than they. His conjecture, however, is hard- ly a true one, tliat the presence of this genus in the neighbor- hood of the lake deposits of Florissant indicates a warmer cli- mate than the present. Tetrag- natha, in several species, has a range over the whole of the United States, and I have fine specimens from as far north as the borders of Alaska. They are extremely numerous in such a climate as Philadelphia, for example, where we have the European species Tetragnatha cxtensa; and along the margins of our ponds and waters are seen immense numbers of large examples of the Stilt spider of Hentz, Tetragnatha grallator, which is probably identical with Tetragnath

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• bookcentury1800
• bookdecade1880
• booksubjectspiders
• bookyear1889